Romain performed a number of simulations to compare the MEDCORDEX simulations with two options for coupling ORCHIDEE :

1. Task-serial : WRF waits for ORCHIDEE to compute the fluxes and then continues with the PBL using the turbulent fluxes as lower boundary condition. This our control experiment configuration.
2. Task-parallel : WRF passes the current atmospheric conditions to ORCHIDEE and then continues with the PBL using the surface fluxes computed by ORCHIDEE over the previous time step. WRF and ORCHIDEE are thus one physical time step out of phase.

The results are briefly presented in the attached PDF.